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By Bob Goemans
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Phyllognathia

Phyllognathia ceratophthalmus

(Balss, 1913)

Dragon Shrimp, Spiny Shrimp, Bongo Shrimp

Likely Reef Tank Suitable

Likely Fish-Only Tank Suitable

Range: Western Pacific Ocean

Size: 0.5 inch (2 cm)

Natural Environment: Inhabits shallow reef areas and found near rubble and sponges.

General Husbandry: Rarely seen in the trade.

A very shy and small species and possibly best suited for nano reef aquariums where it will be seen more often than in large systems with many hiding areas.

Requires sufficient hiding places and best suited in reef aquariums having sponges.

Their diet is not totally clear, yet, if similar to others in this family, they feed on the feet of various Echinoderms (starfish/seastars, brittle stars, urchins and sea cucumbers for example) and if correct, recommend trying meaty foods, e.g., small pieces of defrosted clam, fish and/or shrimp flesh, or live adult brine shrimp fed once or twice daily.

Best maintained without other species of shrimp in the aquarium, and possibly maintained singly and preferably in small aquaria.

Taxonomy:

    Kingdom: Animalia

    Phylum: Arthropoda

    Class: Malacostraca

    Order: Decapoda

    Family: Palaemonidae

    Genus: Phyllognathia

FYI:

    Experience Level: Intermediate

    Diet: Carnivore

    Temperament: Peaceful

    Aquarium Environment: Reef or fish-only aquarium

    Coral Safe: Yes

    Fish Safe: Yes

    Invertebrate Safe: Yes, but not various Echinoderms

    Acclimation Time: Shrimp are 'very' sensitive to specific gravity/salinity changes. Therefore, be sure to adjust the bag's water to that of the aquarium in which it will be placed by slowly adding small amounts of aquarium water to the bag every few minutes. In most cases, this process should take at least 15 minutes.

    Aquarium Hardiness: Moderately hardy

    Calcium (Ca): 380 - 430 mg/l

    Alkalinity: 2.5 - 3.0 meq/l

    Phosphate (PO4): <0.05 mg/l

    Magnesium (Mg): approx. 1350 mg/l (relate to specific gravity) Extremely important for molting!

    Strontium (Sr) 8 - 10 mg/l

    Iodine (I) Trace element additives containing iodine should be used as recommended by their makers, as iodine is also vital for the molting process.

    Temperature Range: 75 - 85°F (24 - 29°C)

    Minimum Tank Size: Perfect for Nano

    Lighting: PAR ratings N/A

    Water Movement: WM 1 - 2

    Specific Gravity: 1.023 - 1.025

    pH: 8.0 - 8.4

 Phyllognathia ceratophthalmus (Dragon Shrimp, Spiny Shrimp, Bongo Shrimp)
Photo © Andrea & Antonella Ferrari
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